Binary Systems

This is a v1 carton that contains binary stars from the Gaia DR3 NSS_Two_Body_Orbit catalog.

Selection Criteria

• nss_solution_type = ‘Orbital’) OR nss_solution_type = ‘AstroSpectroSB1’),
• 8 < G < 13
• Period < 1000))

This v1 carton is similar to mwm_bin_gaia_astb_apogee, but has a dimmer G cutoff 13 < G < 16.

This is a v1 carton that contains SB1 binary stars from the Gaia DR3 NSS_Two_Body_Orbit catalog.

Selection Criteria

• nss_solution_type = ‘SB1’) OR nss_solution_type = ‘SB1C’),
• 8 < G < 11.5
• Period < 1000))

This v1 carton is similar to mwm_bin_gaia_sb_apogee, but has a dimmer G cutoff 11.5 < G < 14.

These targets were observed during the plate era under targeting plan 0.1.0 and belong to the alternate carton mwm_bin_rv_long. Some targets were observed under targeting plan 0.1.4 with the updated carton name mwm_rv_long_bplates drawn from an additional 14 field centers.

Creation of Legacy APOGEE “Merge File”

The long baseline carton selected stars that had been previously observed during the APOGEE-1 and/or APOGEE-2 surveys in at least three separate epochs as of the DR16 data release. They are selected from the mos_sdss_apogeeallstarmerge_r13 table found both on CasJobs and on the SAS. This “allStarmerge” file uses the information in APOGEE DR16’s allStar and allVisit summary files to consolidate duplicate entries of single targets (which occurs when targets are observed in more than field) to facilitate targeting for SDSS-V. The allStarMerge file was constructed as follows:

1. Targeting information common to all entries (e.g. APOGEE_ID, coordinates, proper motions, etc.), is directly copied from the first entry for the star in the allStar file, while information that differs (e.g. FIELD) is concatenated in a space-separated string.  
2. Radial velocity information (VHELIO_AVG, VSCATTER, etc.) were derived or copied (into a space-separated string) from the allVisit entries for a given star.
3. ASPCAP-derived stellar parameters (T_eff, log g, & metallicity) are averaged (weighted by SNR) from the individual entries for the star in the allStar file. If an entry did not have stellar parameters, it was excluded from the average.
4. The text-based TARGFLAGS, STARFLAGS, & ASPCAPFLAGS were concatenated from the star’s individual entries in the allStar file with repeated flags removed.

Selection Criteria

Conditions in bold below are common to all long baseline targets.

• Target exists in the allStarMerge file.
• H < 12.2
• n_visits (in APOGEE-1 and/or 2) > 6
• TARGFLAGS includes one of the following values:
  • APOGEE_SHORT
  • APOGEE_INTERMEDIATE
  • APOGEE_LONG
  • APOGEE2_BIN
• Gaia-based distance
• Targets fall within a list of 20-34 hand selected field centers that are viewable for 6-months during the plate program

These targets were observed during the plate era under targeting plan 0.1.0 and belong to the alternate carton mwm_bin_rv_long.

The selection criteria include the bolded conditions in mwm_rv_long-bplates but with H < 11.5 and n_visits > 3.

These targets were observed during the plate era under targeting plan 0.1.0 and belong to the alternate carton mwm_bin_rv_long.

The selection criteria include the bolded conditions in mwm_rv_long-bplates, but with H < 12.8 and n_visits > 3. These targets were only observed in the Black Hole Mapper RM fields.

These targets were observed during the FPS era under targeting plan 0.50 or 0.5.18 and belong to the alternate carton mwm_bin_rv_long. Beginning in targeting plan 0.5.18, stars were prioritized with the following ranking criteria applied using stellar parameters measured by ASPCAP:

1. Low mass dwarfs: T_eff < 4500 K and log g ≥ 4.0
2. Subgiants: 4.0 < log g < 3.5
3. Red Giants: log g > 3.5
4. Other/ log g unknown

The selection criteria are the same as mwm_rv_long-fps.

This carton is the v1 update to mwm_rv_long_fps. The selection criteria has remained the same.

These targets were observed during the plate era under targeting plan 0.1.0 and belong to the alternate carton mwm_bin_rv_short.

The short baseline cartons selected stars that were never previously observed with APOGEE and applied color magnitude cuts combined with photometric quality cuts to select stars similarly to the earlier APOGEE surveys using both the 2MASS Point Source Catalog and the AllWise Source Catalog. Definitions of the 2MASS photometric flags and quality measurements can be found at the User’s Guide to the 2MASS All-Sky Data Release. The short baseline cartons were more limited in magnitude so that they would not require more than one exposure at each epoch.

Selection Criteria

Conditions in bold below are common to all long baseline targets.

• H < 12.2
• J – Ks – (1.5 * 0.918 * (H – W2 – 0.05)) >= 0.05
• J_msigcom < 0.1
• Ks_msigcom < 0.1
• H_msigcom < 0.1
• W2_sigmpro < 0.12
• 2MASS ph_qual any of the following: AAA, AAB, ABA, BAA, ABB, BAB, BBA, BBB
• 2MASS gal_contam = 0
• 2MASS cc_flg = 0
• 2MASS rd_flg any of the following: 111, 112, 121, 211, 122, 212, 221, 222
• 2MASS prox >= 6
• Gaia DR2 parallax exists
• Does not match a source in the 2MASS extended catalog
• at least 100 other targets matching all above criteria within 3 degrees

These targets were observed during the plate era under targeting plan 0.1.0 and belong to the alternate carton mwm_bin_rv_short.

The selection criteria include the bolded conditions in mwm_rv_short-bplates, but with H < 10.8.

These targets were observed during the plate era under targeting plan 0.1.0 and belong to the alternate carton mwm_bin_rv_short.

The selection criteria include the bolded conditions in mwm_rv_short-bplates, but with H < 12.8. These targets were only observed in the Black Hole Mapper RM fields. [SET LINK]

These targets were observed during the FPS era under targeting plan 0.50 or 0.5.18 and belong to the alternate carton mwm_bin_rv_short. Beginning in targeting plan 0.5.18, stars were prioritized with the following ranking criteria applied using stellar parameters available in the TIC catalog.

1. Low mass dwarfs: T_eff < 4500 K and log g ≥ 4.0
2. Subgiants: 4.0 < log g < 3.5
3. Red Giants: log g > 3.5
4. Other, or unknown log g or T_eff

The selection criteria are the same as mwm_rv_short-fps.

This nested set of cartons contains the M dwarf stars originally in mwm_bin_rv_short.

Selection Criteria

• Does not use the photometric quality cuts from mwm_bin_rv_short
• Parallax > 0
• 7 < H < 11.5
• RP – K > 2,
• ((RP – K) * 2 + 0.6) < (H -5 * log10(1000 / parallax) + 5))

The three associated cartons are named for the number of epochs they require:

• mwm_bin_rv_short_mdwarf_apogee_18epoch
• mwm_bin_rv_short_mdwarf_apogee_12epoch
• mwm_bin_rv_short_mdwarf_apogee_08epoch

This nested set of cartons contains the subgiant stars originally in mwm_bin_rv_short.

Selection Criteria

• Uses the same photometric quality cuts as mwm_bin_rv_short
• parallax > 0
• 7 < H < 10.8
• 3.0 < log g < 4.1
• 4500 K < Teff < 7000 K
• parallax_error / parallax < 0.2

Associated nested carton mwm_bin_rv_short_subgiant_apogee_12epoch.

This carton contains the Red Clump and higher Red Giant Branch stars originally in mwm_bin_rv_short. In targeting generation v1.02 the carton was down-sampled by a factor of 2, but that down sampling was removed in later targeting generations.

Selection Criteria

• Uses the same photometric quality cuts as mwm_bin_rv_short
• parallax > 0
• 7 < H < 10.8
• 1.2 < log g < 3.0
• Teff < 5500 K
• parallax_error / parallax < 0.2

This v1 carton contains Gaia Wide Binaries. The wide binaries are selected from the Visual Binary Gaia DR3 catalog.

Selection Criteria

• H <= 11
• Each Wide binary pair consists of two stars. Each star is checked to see if it has been observed in APOGEE, GALAH, LAMOST, or RAVE. If a star has been observed in one of these previous surveys then it is removed from the carton.

This carton has the same selection criteria as mwm_bin_vis_apogee, but with an H magnitude cutoff of H > 11

This v1 carton is filled with known RV stable stars from Trifonov, et. al 2020 and Butler et al. 2017 and then applying the following selection criteria.

Selection Criteria

• Uses the same photometric quality cuts as mwm_bin_rv_short
• 7 < H < 10.8
• Number of Epochs >= 12
• Temporal baseline >= 2000 days
• Std deviation (RV) <= 10 m/s